The Nation

Tribal Report of the Northern Cheyenne Nation (October 2006 Vol. I No. 10)

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Northern Cheyenne Face Decision of Economy or Environment

 

 

 

 

This year’s November decisions on Coal and CBM development has made headlines throughout Indian country and the United States. Indian Country Today Consultant discusses the issues.

 

David Melmer

[Indian Country Today, October 24, 2006]

 

LAME DEER, Mont. - Voters on the Northern Cheyenne Reservation will decide on Nov. 7 whether to allow coal bed methane extraction and coal extraction within the reservation exterior boundaries.

   The Northern Cheyenne Tribal Council approved a letter of intent between the tribe and the Great Bear Corporation of Oklahoma to proceed with exploration and extract coal bed methane while providing the reservation with economic incentives.

   The letter stated the two parties agreed that the GBC, in addition to the plan to develop the coal fields, would introduce a construction-based education program for the Northern Cheyenne.

   In addition, the tribe would be required to become a Super 8(a) entity. As a further incentive, the company agreed to build a Dollar Store, a laundry facility and a water bottling plant, according to the letter.

   The letter was approved on Chairman Eugene Little Coyote's tie-breaking vote; the next day, however, Little Coyote rescinded the letter of intent because, as he stated in his letter of disapproval, the districts did not have enough input or information.

   Two resolutions to put the matter to a vote of the people were approved in August of this year and the letter of intent approved on Oct. 1.

   Both sides of the issue have brought in outsiders to provide information at various public gatherings.

   Winona LaDuke, Ojibwe director of the White Earth Land Recovery Project on the White Earth Reservation, held a press conference and met with people on the reservation.

   ''I feel like a community should not have to trade an ecosystem for an economy,'' she said. ''For years they fought coal development off. There is a much better plan than using fossil fuels and destroying land and water.''

   A local organization, the Association for the Advancement of Indigenous Resources, headed by Northern Cheyenne member Terry Bear Tusk, brought in hydrologists from Montana to present what he called non-biased information.

   Bear Tusk said representatives from the Southern Ute Growth Fund and Red Willow Gathering Co. will come to the reservation to talk about how the Ute Tribe of Colorado developed gas reserves without any damage to the air, water or cultural base.

   LaDuke promotes biofuels and wind energy as an alternative to the potential destruction of the land to develop fossil fuel energy.

   ''We are addicted to energy, and Halliburton is driving the decision making in these states. Water is a human right and a private corporation does not have the right to destroy the water of a people,'' LaDuke said.

   Halliburton Corporation is a major player in the oil, gas and coal industry of Wyoming.

   To extract coal bed methane from the crevices in the coal beds, water must be removed from the coal and the gas extracted from it. The water has a large saline content and, in some soils, has the potential to destroy vegetation. The water that would be extracted from the coal beds on the Northern Cheyenne Reservation would be dumped into the Tongue River, which is the eastern boundary of the reservation.

   The Tongue is a tributary of the Yellowstone River which flows into the Missouri River. Many other smaller rivers and streams would also be subjected to a higher saline level.

   Some vegetation for cattle - a large industry in Montana - would be affected by the salinity, but other vegetation has some tolerance. Salt will not leach into the ground easily if the ground is composed mostly of clay.

   ''On a worldwide scale, water is scarce and a lot of people are dying for lack of water: and the companies are saying allow them to destroy it,'' LaDuke said.

   The northern portions of the Powder River Coal Basin, which is mostly located in Wyoming, are located under the Northern Cheyenne Reservation. There are more than 2,000 coal bed methane wells in Wyoming, mostly in the Powder River area; and one of the largest surface mining of coal lies just west of the reservation in Gillette, Wyo.

   It is estimated that 1.85 billion gallons of water are pumped to the surface daily to extract coal bed methane in Wyoming.

   Anti-coal development sentiment has reached the young people of the reservation, and they have expressed themselves on the sides of building with graffiti. Anti-coal development graffiti can be seen on buildings throughout the communities, and even on a funeral home.

   Cultural preservation is paramount to any consideration of coal development, according to Phillip Whiteman Jr.

   ''I'm upset because our ancestors fought and fought and died so we could be able to have a homeland,'' he said.

   ''There are human issues and changes to the mother earth; people have to be concerned with all the changes of mother earth. I would like to send a message to the people; be careful, the land that we leave for our children and grandchildren will be affected. We don't want to leave them with black water and grey skies and grey land,'' Whiteman said.

   He suggested that some people are convinced that this development will mean new jobs, new stores and economic development.

   The Northern Cheyenne have experienced this situation before. In the late 1970s and 1908s, the Northern Cheyenne brought in ARCO to dig exploratory wells. Land was leased for cents on the dollar and each tribal member received $1,000. The company left and the exploratory work was not reclaimed, according to Whiteman.

   ''These farmers and ranchers went into this and thought they would make some money. They don't have wells, they have tumors,'' he said.

   A ceremony, the Arrow Worship Ceremony, was conducted when ARCO came to the reservation to stop coal development. It asked for prayers for the people to reconnect, Whiteman said.

   ''That ceremony is still there; if we go against it we go against ourselves,'' he said.

   Advocates for the development argue that full reclamation would leave the land in as good or better shape than before. The economic potential is also a major talking point, since the reservation has a very high rate of unemployment.

   Bear Tusk said his purpose is to provide a middle of the road approach to the information. He is a supporter of the development, but also said the tribe should proceed carefully.

AAIR supports total tribal control over the operation that would leave the tribe the owner and manager of the development and not contract with an outside company

 

Tribal Report of the Northern Cheyenne Nation (October 2006 Vol. I No. 10), page 2.

Lame Duck, Continued from page 1

 

Northern Cheyenne Tribal Council Faces “Dead Duck” Session

      What about the “lame duck” politics at the local level?  On the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation, tribal politics is currently experiencing its own outcomes of the staggered term elections set in conjunction with the national elections on November 7th.  The staggered term Council seats on this year’s ballot are based on district population size with Lame Deer being the largest community getting 3 seats and both Ashland and Busby receiving one seat respectively.  In light of the recently Council being split over numerous issues like coal and coal-bed methane development, Busby School Ad-hoc, and the expansion of the Buffalo Range, the regularly scheduled meetings which are required by the Constitution and Bylaws have been abandoned by certain Council members out of fear and the ridiculous idea that the Tribe also has its own “lame duck” period like that of Congress. 

      First of all, the Tribe is not Congress nor does the Tribe have the luxury of putting the programs, services, and peoples’ needs aside for a few months because of tribal elections.  For Council members whom are not up for re-election until 2008 and feel that they do not have participate in the continual operation of the tribal government during elections, until a “new” Council is sworn-in, is an act of ignorance and an obvious neglect of duties.  Furthermore, by using the “lame duck” excuse to justify their lack of attendance and their failure to meet legal quorum requirements needed in conducting official business, such Council members are showing their knowledge and understanding, or lack there of, of what “lame duck” really means.

      Remember during the “lame duck” session in Washington D.C., unseated members of Congress still show up for work and vote on legislation.  Since the primary election on October 3rd, the N.C. Tribal Council has been unable to reach a quorum for either regular meetings or specials.  One might think that unseated Council members or those up for re-election would be the ones missing work and not making quorums, yet these Council member remain the ones still continuing to conduct business and meeting the needs of their people, even during elections.

      It is all backwards because Council members with 2 years remaining have every reason to be in their office and present at meetings but they are not.  They should be in their offices and at every meeting unless like in Congress, they arrive to vote-on or for certain issues and legislation that may affect the current power struggle. For the Cheyenne, these issues include the Ad-hoc Board, natural resource development, and livestock grazing policy; all issues which could possibly be put to a vote in a last effort for a final victory by outgoing Council members campaigning for re-election.  However, if this is the case than it is no wonder why the five Councilmen representing the five districts are playing it safe by not risking the chance of a surprise agenda item that might jeopardize their current authority and control over controversial matters.  In other words, they are purposely missing meetings to prevent any positive change, just because they do not want to “lose.” This is childish and true tribal politics; it is not a true “lame duck” session.

You Have the Right to Know

      When Council decisions have to be decided by the President casting a tie-breaking vote, the issues and legislation being presented and supported by Council members becomes even more significant to all tribal members and makes the access to Council information a public necessity.  A genuine interest by tribal members in their government seems to have increased as a direct result of controversial decisions made by the Council.  This has lead to active involvement in tribal politics and a sense of ownership by the tribal membership that allows them to asks questions and hold their current district representatives accountable for the way they vote on particular issues, the time they show up for work, and the actual work they produce.

      The Tribal Council does not have a “lame duck” period nor do they deserve one, besides according to the meaning of “lame duck,” the Tribal Council would at least still make an effort to show up for meetings and for work.  Instead of a “lame duck” session like that of Congress, the only duck the Tribe has is a “dead duck.”

 

Tribal Report of the Northern Cheyenne Nation (October 2006 Vol. I No. 10), page 2.

The Argument For Coal/CBM

 

There has been much discussion about the votes for and against coal and CBM development on the Northern Cheyenne Reservation. We Cheyennes have heard several good arguments against the development, including the cultural belief system that Indians have with land and the issues about the Arrow Ceremony that had taken place some time ago during the first explorations of coal, oil, and gas on the reservation.  There has not been much discussion however, about the arguments for development.

       What are the arguments for development? The biggest argument that supports coal and CBM development always comes in a stern form.  The argument always centers on money.  If you talk to any of the supporters of coal and CBM development, they will feed you a bunch of stories about how poor the reservation is, how much the Cheyenne people are in despair and that something needs to be done about the meth problem.  Yet the only thing these supporters can say is that development will give the Cheyennes a lot of money so they can be better off.

       Here is where the argument for any development has failed to convince a lot of traditional and spiritually enlightened Cheyennes.  The arguments that say “there will be a lot of money” do not follow a detailed description of how this money will be used.  Supposedly having a lot of money will solve everyone’s problems without any implementation.  Those who argue for development should argue differently. They should say that the money will be used to send ALL of our children to good colleges; that the money will be used to improve ALL education on the reservation; that the money will be used to improve ALL houses and roads on the reservation; that the money will be used to improve health care and child care for ALL Cheyennes;

that the money will be used to improve our government system so ALL Cheyennes will be educated in political affairs; that the money will be used to purchase more land and water to benefit ALL Cheyennes; that the money will be used to improve our camping, hiking, and recreation areas for ALL Cheyennes to enjoy; that training and schooling for high paying jobs will be available for ALL Cheyennes; that jobs will be waiting for these recently trained and educated Cheyennes; and that the money will be used for prevention and recovery programs so those who have chemical addictions can recover.

These would all be good arguments for the supporters. But why haven’t they used these arguments? It is simple. NONE of the supporters for development are thinking of these issues! NONE of the supporters for development are thinking of how the money can benefit ALL Cheyennes! NONE of the supporters are thinking of long-term goals and investments for the benefits that could come from Coal and CBM!  The only thing supporters are thinking about is how they can get money for themselves and their own families.

This is why the argument for development is weak and why it shows nothing but selfishness.

The Cheyennes should wait a couple of generations if they wish to develop responsibly.  Perhaps we could see development if ALL Cheyennes were to think of ALL other Cheyennes in respectful and responsible ways. Right now the coal and CBM supporters are not ready for development because they cannot look past their greed.  This is a problem and will be our ultimate downfall should the Cheyennes go into development without educating ourselves and realizing that it is solely for selfish purposes.  No tribe can survive if the selfishness of a few gets in the way of ALL the people.

 

Tribal Report of the Northern Cheyenne Nation (October 2006 Vol. I No. 10), page 2.

 

 

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